KANAMYCIN

It is similar to streptomycin in all respects including nonefficacy against Pseudomonas. However it is more toxic both to the cochlea and to kidney. It has been used for streptomycin to resistant gram-negative bacillary infections and in tuberculosis Active against Shigella, Klebsiella, E.coli, Serratia mercescens, Proteus, many strains of staphylococcus.

Indications

Staphylococcal, genitourinary & respiratory infections. Infections resistant to other antibiotics.

Dosage

Adults: 250 mg QID or 500 mg BD by Intramuscularly. Max 1.5 gm/day. Children: 10-15 mg/kg/day IM 2-3 times/day.

Contra-Indications

Pregnancy, lactation.

Special Precautions

Parkinsonism. Myasthenia gravis. Should not be interacted with neuromuscular blocking drugs, anaesthetics, frusemide, ethacrynic acid. Control blood levels and total dosage in patients with renal impairment. Paediatrics: Safe. Pregnancy: Should not be used. Lactation: Should not be used. Elderly: Use with caution in patient with renal dysfunction.

Side Effects

Irreversible hearing loss, toxic to kidney.

Drug Interactions

Neuromuscular blockade potentiated by anaesthetic and muscle relaxants antagonised by calcium and neostigmine.