ACETAMINOPHEN

Acetaminophen is also known as Paracetamol. It is a non-opioid analgesic and antipyretic agent. It is used to treat pain, is potentially used in fever, and has negligible anti-inflammatory action. It does not stimulate respiration or affect acid-base balance and has no effect on the cardiovascular system. It does not affect clotting factors and is not a uricosuric.

Indications

-Relief of mild to moderate pain, such as headaches, toothaches, muscle aches, and menstrual cramps -Reduction of fever associated with various conditions, including colds, flu, and other infections

Dosage

-0.5-1 gm daily in a divided dose for adults. -For Children 1-3 years old 80 -160 mg, for 4-8 years old 24-320mg and for a 9-12-year-old 300-600 mg. -The recommended dosage for adults is typically 325 mg to 1000 mg every 4 to 6 hours as needed, with a maximum daily dose of 4000 mg. -Dosage for children varies based on weight and age, and it is crucial to follow the pediatric dosing guidelines provided on the packaging or by a healthcare professional.

Contra-Indications

-Renal impairment, Hepatic diseases and Hypersensitivity to acetaminophen( paracetamol). -Acetaminophen is contraindicated in individuals with a known allergy or hypersensitivity to acetaminophen. -Patients with severe liver disease or liver failure should avoid acetaminophen or use it with caution under medical supervision due to the risk of hepatotoxicity.

Special Precautions

-More than 4 grams in one day may cause acute paracetamol poisoning. -Individuals with liver disease, alcoholism, or those who consume alcohol regularly should use acetaminophen cautiously and consult a healthcare professional before taking it. -Avoid exceeding the recommended dosage, as overdose can lead to liver damage or failure. -Do not combine acetaminophen with other medications containing acetaminophen to prevent unintentional overdose. -Consult a doctor before taking acetaminophen during pregnancy.

Side Effects

Nausea, rashes, difficulty in breathing, swelling of the face, hand, feet, ankles or lower legs. Rarely cause leukopenia.

Drug Interactions

It can interact with warfarin, isoniazid and some seizure medications. The absorption is increased by metoclopramide, absorption reduce by pethidine, propantheline, and with alcohol causing hepatotoxicity.