Amphetamine
Amphetamine is a central nervous system stimulant medication that affects chemicals in the brain and nerves that contribute to hyperactivity and impulse control. It belongs to the class of drugs known as amphetamines.Amphetamine is primarily indicated for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy. It is also sometimes used off-label to treat obesity and certain types of depression.
Dosage of amphetamine varies depending on the individual's age, medical condition, and response to treatment. Typically, the initial dose for ADHD in children is 5 mg once or twice daily, with adjustments made as necessary. For narcolepsy, the usual starting dose is 5 mg to 60 mg per day, divided into 1 to 3 doses.
Amphetamine is contraindicated in individuals with a history of cardiovascular disease, moderate to severe hypertension, hyperthyroidism, glaucoma, agitation, or a known hypersensitivity to amphetamines or any of its components.
Special precautions should be taken when prescribing amphetamine to individuals with a history of substance abuse, psychiatric disorders, or motor tics. Caution is also advised in patients with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, or a family history of sudden cardiac death.
Common side effects of amphetamine may include insomnia, headache, dry mouth, decreased appetite, weight loss, increased heart rate, palpitations, and nervousness. Rare but serious side effects may include hallucinations, paranoia, chest pain, and seizures.
Amphetamine may interact with several medications, including monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), tricyclic antidepressants, antihypertensive drugs, and certain antibiotics. Combining amphetamine with these medications can increase the risk of serotonin syndrome or hypertensive crisis.
