Cisplatin

Cisplatin is a platinum-based chemotherapy drug used to treat various types of cancer, including testicular, ovarian, bladder, and lung cancers. It works by interfering with DNA replication in cancer cells, preventing their growth and spread.

Indications

-Testicular cancer -Ovarian cancer -Bladder cancer -Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) -Cervical cancer (in some cases) -Head and neck cancers (in some cases)

Dosage

-Adult Dosage: Typically, cisplatin is administered intravenously. The dosage varies depending on the type of cancer and the patient’s condition but generally ranges from 50 to 100 mg/m² every 3 to 4 weeks. -Pediatric Dosage: Dosing in children is determined by the oncologist based on the child’s weight, overall health, and type of cancer.

Contra-Indications

-Hypersensitivity to cisplatin or other platinum-containing compounds -Severe renal impairment -Pregnant or breastfeeding women (unless the benefit outweighs the risk)

Special Precautions

-Monitor renal function regularly, as cisplatin can cause nephrotoxicity. -Ensure adequate hydration before and after administration to minimize renal toxicity. -Monitor for signs of ototoxicity (hearing loss) and neurotoxicity. -Use with caution in patients with pre-existing hearing impairment.

Side Effects

-Nausea and vomiting -Kidney damage (nephrotoxicity) -Hearing loss (ototoxicity) -Peripheral neuropathy -Bone marrow suppression (leading to anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia) -Fatigue -Loss of appetite

Drug Interactions

-Nephrotoxic drugs: Concurrent use with other nephrotoxic agents may increase the risk of kidney damage. -Ototoxic drugs: Combining with other ototoxic drugs may enhance the risk of hearing loss. -Anticoagulants: Use with anticoagulants can increase bleeding risk. -Other chemotherapy agents: Use with other chemotherapeutic agents may require dose adjustments due to potential interactions.