Cisplatin and Carboplatin
It is a platinum coordination complex. It causes cross linking of DNA; favoured site being N7 of guanine residue. It can also react with-SH groups in proteins and has radiomimetic property. It is bound to plasma proteins, enter, tissues & is slowly excreted unchanged in urine. Cisplatin is very effective in metastatic testicular & ovarian carcinoma. It has found use in some other solid tumours as well.Metastatic testicular and ovarian carcinoma, advanced bladder, head & neck cancer.
Admn by slow infusion 10-60 mg or as required.
Pregnancy, lactation, hypersensitivity, renal impairment.
Maintain good hydration. Shock like state sometimes occurs during i.v infusion. Monitor haematological, neurological status & renal functions. Hypomagnesaemia. Hypocalcaemia. Hyperuricaemia. Paediatrics: Not usually prescribed. The risk of hearing loss is increased. Pregnancy: Not usually prescribed. Lactation: Not advised. Elderly: Reduced dose may be necessary.
Nausea, voiting, Tinnitus, deafness, neuropathy, nephrotoxicity, electrolyte imbalance.
Potentiates neurotoxicity with aminoglycosides. Ideal combination with other cytotoxic drugs. Synergistic with 5-fluorouracil and etoposide.
