EMTRICITABINE

Emtricitabine is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) used in the treatment of HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) infection. It works by inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme, essential for the replication of the virus. It is a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) for the prevention and treatment of HIV infection in adults and children.

Indications

Emtricitabine is indicated for the treatment of HIV-1 infection, either alone or in combination with other antiretroviral agents. It is also used for pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to reduce the risk of acquiring HIV-1 in individuals at high risk.

Dosage

-The recommended dosage varies depending on the specific treatment or prophylaxis regimen. Consult a healthcare professional for personalized dosing instructions. -Oral; 3mg per kg in paeds group and 200mg once a day for adult.

Contra-Indications

Emtricitabine is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to the drug.

Special Precautions

-Emtricitabine should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment. -Regular monitoring of renal function is advisable. -It is important to assess patients for potential co-infections, as well as screen for pre-existing hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Paediatric: May be used. Pregnancy: Category B. Lactation: Not to use during breast feeding. Elderly: Use with caution.

Side Effects

-Common side effects may include nausea, diarrhea, headache, and rash. Severe side effects are rare but may include lactic acidosis, hepatomegaly with steatosis, and exacerbation of hepatitis B in co-infected individuals. -Diarrhea, headache, nausea, rash, skin hyperpigmentation, Lactic acidosis, severe hepatomegaly with steatosis, Severe acute exacerbations of Hepatitis B, Immune reconstitution syndrome.

Drug Interactions

Emtricitabine may interact with other antiretroviral drugs or medications metabolized by the same pathways. Inform healthcare providers about all drugs being taken to prevent potential interactions.