ETHINYL OESTRADIOL

Ethinyl oestradiol is a synthetic form of estrogen, a hormone that plays a critical role in the female reproductive system. It is used primarily in hormonal contraceptive formulations and hormone replacement therapy. It helps regulate menstrual cycles and can treat symptoms of menopause.

Indications

-Contraception: Used in combination with progestins in oral contraceptive pills. -Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT): For the treatment of menopausal symptoms such as hot flashes, vaginal dryness, and osteoporosis prevention. -Other uses may include treatment of abnormal uterine bleeding and other reproductive disorders.

Dosage

-The dosage of ethinyl oestradiol varies depending on its formulation and the specific indication. -Typical dosages for oral contraceptives range from 20 to 35 micrograms per tablet. -For HRT, dosages vary widely, typically from 10 to 50 micrograms per day depending on the formulation and treatment goals. -Always follow your healthcare provider's guidance and read the medication instructions.

Contra-Indications

-Pregnancy and breastfeeding -History of or current thromboembolic disorders (e.g., deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism) -History of or current breast or endometrial cancer -Liver disease -Undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding

Special Precautions

-Smoking increases the risk of serious cardiovascular side effects, especially in women over 35 years old. -Monitoring for signs of thromboembolic events (e.g., stroke, heart attack, blood clots) is important. -Regular check-ups are advised, including breast exams and Pap smears. -Careful consideration should be given to women with a family history of breast cancer, stroke, or other cardiovascular risks.

Side Effects

-Nausea -Headache -Breast tenderness -Mood changes -Irregular vaginal bleeding or spotting -Risk of serious side effects such as thromboembolic events

Drug Interactions

-Anticonvulsants and other enzyme-inducing drugs may decrease the effectiveness of ethinyl oestradiol. -Some antibiotics may affect its absorption and effectiveness. -May interact with certain antiretroviral and antifungal medications.