Ethinylestradiol

Ethinylestradiol is a synthetic form of estrogen, a female hormone used in various hormonal medications. It is commonly combined with progestin to create combined oral contraceptive pills. Ethinylestradiol is known for its effectiveness in regulating the menstrual cycle and preventing pregnancy.

Indications

-Contraception: Used in combination with progestin in oral contraceptive pills. -Menstrual disorders: Used to treat irregular menstrual cycles or symptoms of dysmenorrhea. -Hormone replacement therapy: Used to relieve symptoms of menopause such as hot flashes and vaginal dryness.

Dosage

-The dosage of Ethinylestradiol can vary depending on the specific medication and indication. -For contraception, it is typically combined with a progestin in a daily oral contraceptive pill. -For hormone replacement therapy, it may be prescribed at a lower dosage and frequency.

Contra-Indications

-Pregnancy: Ethinylestradiol should not be used during pregnancy. -Breastfeeding: It can pass into breast milk and may harm the baby. -History of blood clots, stroke, or heart attack. -Certain cancers, especially those hormone-sensitive. -Liver disease or problems. -Undiagnosed vaginal bleeding.

Special Precautions

-Monitoring for signs of blood clots, especially in the legs or lungs. -Regular check-ups and screenings, including blood pressure monitoring and gynecological exams. -Patients with a history of depression should be monitored closely. -Use caution in patients with diabetes, high cholesterol, or hypertension.

Side Effects

-Common side effects include nausea, breast tenderness, and headaches. -Less common side effects include mood changes, weight gain, and changes in libido. -Serious side effects include blood clots, stroke, heart attack, and liver problems.

Drug Interactions

-Ethinylestradiol can interact with certain medications such as antibiotics, antiepileptics, and other drugs that affect liver enzymes, potentially reducing its effectiveness. -May interact with herbal supplements such as St. John's Wort, which can decrease its effectiveness.