ETHIONAMIDE

It is a derivative of isonicotinic acid & is a bacteriostatic agent. It inhibits mycolic acid synthesis.

Indications

When there is a failure after adequate treatment with primary drugs (i.e. isoniazid, streptomycin & PAS) along with other anti-tuberculous drugs.

Dosage

250 mg twice daily; it may be increased by 1-5 mg/ day every 5 days until a does of 15-20 mg/kg/day is achieved. The maximal dose is 1 gm daily.

Contra-Indications

Hypersensitivity & severe hepatic damage.

Special Precautions

Paediatrics: Reduced dose necessary. Pregnancy: Safety not established. Lactation: Drug passes into breast milk. Elderly: Reduced dose is necessary

Side Effects

Anorexia, nausea and vomiting. metallic taste ,severe postural hypotension, mental depression and drowsiness, blurred vision, olfactory disturbances (alterations in smell), dizziness, headache, restlessness and tremors.

Drug Interactions

It may exacerbate adverse reactions(e.g. convulsions) due to cycloserine