Etophylline

Etophylline is a bronchodilator used to treat respiratory conditions such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways, making it easier to breathe.

Indications

-Asthma -Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) -Bronchospasm

Dosage

-Oral: 200-400 mg every 8-12 hours -Intravenous: 0.5-1 mg/kg over 20-30 minutes, followed by a maintenance dose

Contra-Indications

-Hypersensitivity to Etophylline or any component of the formulation -Acute myocardial infarction -Peptic ulcer disease -Hyperthyroidism -Seizure disorders

Special Precautions

-Use with caution in patients with cardiovascular disease, liver impairment, or renal impairment -Monitor serum levels to avoid toxicity -Adjust dosage in elderly patients -Avoid sudden discontinuation

Side Effects

-Nausea and vomiting -Diarrhea -Headache -Insomnia -Palpitations -Tachycardia -Tremors

Drug Interactions

-Increased risk of toxicity with concurrent use of other xanthines (e.g., caffeine, theophylline) -May interact with beta-blockers, reducing their effectiveness -Increased clearance with barbiturates and phenytoin -Reduced clearance with cimetidine and erythromycin