Fosphenytoin Sodium

-Fosphenytoin sodium is a water-soluble prodrug of phenytoin, an anticonvulsant medication. It is used to prevent and control seizures in individuals with epilepsy. -It is a prodrug intended for parenteral administration; phenytoin is its active metabolite. The anticonvulsant effects of fosphenytoin are attributable to phenytoin.

Indications

-Seizure control in epilepsy. -Prophylaxis of seizures during neurosurgery. -Status epilepticus. -Short term parenteral administration in for control of generalised convulsive status epilepticus and for prevention and treatment of seizures during neurosurgery; when other means are unavailable.

Dosage

-The dosage of fosphenytoin sodium is individualized based on the patient's weight, medical condition, and response to treatment. It is usually administered intravenously. -Doses of fosphenytoin are expressed as their phenytoin sodium equivalents (PE) and no dose adjustment is recommended when substituting fosphenytoin sodium for phenytoin sodium or vice versa.

Contra-Indications

Fosphenytoin sodium is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to phenytoin or fosphenytoin, as well as in patients with certain heart conditions.

Special Precautions

-Regular monitoring of plasma phenytoin levels is essential. -Caution in patients with hepatic or renal impairment. -Use with caution in elderly patients.

Side Effects

-Common side effects may include dizziness, nausea, and injection site reactions. -Serious side effects can include severe skin reactions, blood disorders, and liver problems.

Drug Interactions

-Phenytoin Interactions: Concurrent use with other antiepileptic drugs may affect plasma concentrations. -Drugs affecting liver enzymes: Drugs that induce or inhibit liver enzymes may alter fosphenytoin metabolism.