GLIBENCLAMIDE

Single dose provoke a brisk release of insulin from pancreas. It acts on Beta cell membrane leading to enhanced calcium flux across it hence degranulation. After chronic admin, the insulinemic action of Glibenclamide declines, but improvement in glucose tolernce is maintained. Thus an oral anti-diabetic preparation with an efficient hypoglycaemic action.

Indications

Non-insulin dependent Diabetes Mellitus. Patients who have failed to respond to other oral antidiabetic drugs.

Dosage

Initially 2.5 mg daily as a single dose at breakfast increasing gradually by another 2-5 mg (only after repeating laboratory examinations.) Max 15 mg daily.

Contra-Indications

Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus. diabetic coma, severe metabolic decompensation (Keto acidosis) severe renal impairment, hypersensitivity, pregnancy.

Special Precautions

In underweight, unusual physical exercise or irregular meals hypoglycaemia may occur. Symptoms of hypoglycaemia are headache, irritability, emotional dejection, restlessness, insomnia, tremor, profuse weating, impairment of performance & alertness. Glibenclamide should always be taken immediately before or along with substantial meals. Paediatrics: Not recommended. Pregnancy & Lactation: Should not be used. Elderly: Reduced dose may be necessary.

Side Effects

Nausea, vomiting, anorexia or a feeling of pressure or fullness. Pruritus, urticaria, leuco- penia, thrombocytopenia.

Drug Interactions

Warfarin, salicylates, sulphonamides and alcohol potentiate hypoglycaemic effect. Glucocorticoids, diuretics and oestrogen reduce hypoglycaemic effect. Synergistic hypglycaemic action with metformin.