Heparin Sodium

Heparin Sodium is an anticoagulant medication used to prevent and treat blood clots in veins, arteries, or lungs. It is also used to prevent clotting during surgeries and dialysis. Heparin works by inhibiting the formation of clots, ensuring smooth blood flow through the vessels.

Indications

-Treatment and prevention of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE) -Prevention of clotting in arterial and heart surgery Maintenance of catheter patency -Treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) -Anticoagulation in dialysis procedures

Dosage

Dosage varies based on the indication and patient-specific factors. Typical administration is via intravenous (IV) infusion or subcutaneous injection. Initial doses for adults may range from 5,000 to 10,000 units, followed by maintenance doses of 20,000 to 40,000 units per day.

Contra-Indications

-Known hypersensitivity to Heparin or its components -Active major bleeding -History of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) -Severe thrombocytopenia -Hemorrhagic disorders

Special Precautions

-Monitor for signs of bleeding -Regular blood tests to monitor coagulation parameters -Caution in patients with peptic ulcer disease, severe hypertension, or recent surgery -Adjust doses for patients with renal impairment -Use with caution in elderly patients and during pregnancy

Side Effects

-Bleeding and hemorrhage Thrombocytopenia Osteoporosis with long-term use -Hypersensitivity reactions -Elevated liver enzymes -Injection site reactions

Drug Interactions

-Increased risk of bleeding with NSAIDs, antiplatelet agents, and other anticoagulants -Interaction with certain antibiotics and cardiovascular drugs -Enhanced anticoagulant effect with oral anticoagulants -Reduced effectiveness with digoxin, tetracyclines, and nicotine