LOSARTAN

Losartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist used to treat high blood pressure (hypertension). It works by relaxing blood vessels so that blood can flow more easily, reducing the risk of stroke, heart attack, and kidney problems.

Indications

-Hypertension -Protection of the kidneys from damage due to diabetes -Reduction of the risk of stroke in patients with high blood pressure and an enlarged heart

Dosage

-Adult Hypertension: Initial dose is typically 50 mg once daily. The dose may be increased to 100 mg once daily based on blood pressure response. -Pediatric Hypertension (6 years and older): Initial dose is 0.7 mg/kg once daily (up to 50 mg total). Dose adjustments are made based on clinical response. -Renal Protection in Type 2 Diabetes: 50 mg once daily initially; may be increased to 100 mg once daily.

Contra-Indications

-Hypersensitivity to Losartan or any component of the formulation -Pregnancy (especially during the second and third trimesters) -Severe hepatic impairment

Special Precautions

-Monitor kidney function and serum potassium levels periodically -Caution in patients with renal artery stenosis -Use cautiously in patients with a history of angioedema

Side Effects

-Dizziness -Back pain -Sinusitis -Hyperkalemia -Hypotension -Fatigue -Diarrhea

Drug Interactions

-Increased risk of hyperkalemia with potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics -May interact with NSAIDs, reducing the antihypertensive effect of Losartan -Co-administration with lithium may lead to an increase in serum lithium levels