METHIMAZOLE

Methimazole is an antithyroid medication used to treat hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone. It works by inhibiting the synthesis of thyroid hormones.

Indications

-Hyperthyroidism -Graves' disease -Preparation for thyroid surgery or radioactive iodine therapy

Dosage

-Adults: Initial dose typically ranges from 15 mg to 60 mg per day, divided into 3 doses. Maintenance dose is usually 5 mg to 30 mg per day. -Children: Initial dose is usually 0.4 mg/kg/day divided into 3 doses. Maintenance dose is adjusted based on response.Pediatric -Initially, the daily dosage is 0.4 mg/kg of body weight divided into 3 doses and given at 8-hour intervals. The maintenance dosage is approximately 1/2 of the initial dose.

Contra-Indications

-Hypersensitivity to methimazole or any of its components -Pregnancy, particularly during the first trimester, unless no other treatment options are available

Special Precautions

-Monitor thyroid function regularly -Watch for signs of liver dysfunction or agranulocytosis -Use with caution in patients with pre-existing liver disease -Inform patients about the signs of potential side effects such as sore throat, fever, or jaundice

Side Effects

-Agranulocytosis (severe reduction in white blood cells) -Hepatotoxicity -Rash -Pruritus -Gastrointestinal upset -Arthralgia -Lupus-like syndrome

Drug Interactions

-Anticoagulants: Methimazole may enhance the anticoagulant effect. -Theophylline: Methimazole can increase theophylline levels. -Beta-blockers: May require dosage adjustment due to altered thyroid hormone levels.