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METHIMAZOLE

METHIMAZOLE

Methimazole is antithyroid drug which inhibits the enzyme thyroperoxidase, a necessary step in the synthesis of triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4).

Indications

Graves' disease with hyperthyroidism or toxic multinodular goiter, preparation for thyroidectomy or radioactive iodine therapy.


Dosage

Adult -The initial daily dosage is 15 mg for mild hyperthyroidism, 30 to 40 mg for moderately severe hyperthyroidism, and 60 mg for severe hyperthyroidism, divided into 3 doses at 8-hour intervals. The maintenance dosage is 5 to 15 mg daily. Pediatric -Initially, the daily dosage is 0.4 mg/kg of body weight divided into 3 doses and given at 8-hour intervals. The maintenance dosage is approximately 1/2 of the initial dose.


Contra-Indications

Hypersensitivity


Special Precautions

Paediatric: Severe liver injury reported but some prefer it as antithyroid in children Pregnancy: Category D; It cross the placenta and can cause fetal hypothyroidism and goiter Lactation: Secreted in milk


Side Effects

stomach upset, nausea, vomiting, edema, rash, Pharmacotherapy – hyperthyroidism, agranuloctosis, cholestatic hepatitis with jaundice.


Drug Interactions

warfarin, beta-blockers levels, theophylline, digoxin , amiodarone


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