MINOCYLINE HYDROCHORIDE

Minocycline Hydrochloride is a broad-spectrum tetracycline antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It is effective against both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. It works by inhibiting protein synthesis in bacteria, thereby stopping their growth.

Indications

-Acne vulgaris -Respiratory tract infections -Urinary tract infections -Skin infections -Gonorrhea -Chlamydia infections -Rocky Mountain spotted fever -Lyme disease -Anthrax

Dosage

-Adults: 200 mg initially, followed by 100 mg every 12 hours. -Children (above 8 years): 4 mg/kg initially, followed by 2 mg/kg every 12 hours. -Dosage may vary based on the severity of the infection and patient response.

Contra-Indications

-Hypersensitivity to minocycline or any tetracycline antibiotics. -Pregnancy and breastfeeding. -Children under 8 years of age due to the risk of tooth discoloration and enamel hypoplasia.

Special Precautions

-Use with caution in patients with hepatic dysfunction. -Monitor for signs of pseudomembranous colitis. -Avoid excessive sunlight or UV light exposure due to the risk of photosensitivity. -Use with caution in patients with a history of intracranial hypertension.

Side Effects

-Nausea and vomiting -Diarrhea -Dizziness or vertigo -Photosensitivity reactions -Skin rash -Discoloration of teeth and oral mucosa (long-term use) -Hepatotoxicity

Drug Interactions

-Antacids and supplements containing calcium, magnesium, aluminum, or iron may decrease the absorption of minocycline. -May enhance the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. -Concurrent use with isotretinoin may increase the risk of intracranial hypertension. -Reduced efficacy of oral contraceptives.