MOXIFLOXACIN HYDROCHLORIDE

Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes critical for DNA replication, transcription, repair, and recombination.

Indications

-Acute bacterial sinusitis -Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis -Community-acquired pneumonia -Skin and skin structure infections -Complicated intra-abdominal infections -Plague (Yersinia pestis)

Dosage

-Acute bacterial sinusitis: 400 mg once daily for 10 days. -Acute bacterial exacerbation of chronic bronchitis: 400 mg once daily for 5 days. -Community-acquired pneumonia: 400 mg once daily for 7-14 days. -Skin and skin structure infections: 400 mg once daily for 7-21 days, depending on severity. -Complicated intra-abdominal infections: 400 mg once daily for 5-14 days. -Plague: 400 mg once daily for 10-14 days.

Contra-Indications

-Hypersensitivity to moxifloxacin or other quinolones -History of tendon disorders related to quinolone use -Patients with myasthenia gravis -QT interval prolongation -Concurrent use with antiarrhythmic agents

Special Precautions

-Use with caution in patients with CNS disorders that may predispose to seizures. -Monitor for signs of tendinitis and tendon rupture. -Avoid exposure to sunlight or tanning beds; moxifloxacin can make you sunburn more easily. -Use with caution in patients with known or suspected CNS disorders. -Caution in patients with cardiovascular conditions due to risk of QT prolongation. -Ensure adequate hydration to prevent crystalluria and renal issues.

Side Effects

-Nausea -Diarrhea -Dizziness -Headache -QT interval prolongation -Tendonitis and tendon rupture -Peripheral neuropathy -Hypersensitivity reactions (rash, pruritus, anaphylaxis)

Drug Interactions

-Antacids, sucralfate, multivitamins, or supplements containing magnesium, aluminum, or iron: Reduce absorption of moxifloxacin. -Antiarrhythmics (e.g., amiodarone, quinidine): Increased risk of QT prolongation. -NSAIDs: Increased risk of CNS stimulation and seizures. -Warfarin: Monitor INR closely; possible increased anticoagulant effect. -Corticosteroids: Increased risk of tendonitis and tendon rupture.