OXYMETAZOLINE

Oxymetazoline is a medication commonly used as a nasal decongestant. It is available as a topical nasal spray and works by constricting blood vessels in the nasal passages, which reduces swelling and congestion. This can help alleviate symptoms associated with conditions such as allergies, colds, and sinus infections.

Indications

-Nasal congestion due to colds, allergies, or sinusitis. -Temporary relief of nasal stuffiness. -Relief of nasal congestion caused by hay fever and other upper respiratory allergies.

Dosage

-The typical adult dosage is 2-3 sprays in each nostril every 10-12 hours. -Children 6 to 12 years of age can use 1-2 sprays in each nostril every 10-12 hours, under adult supervision. -The medication should not be used for more than 3 days in a row to avoid rebound congestion.

Contra-Indications

-Known hypersensitivity to oxymetazoline or any of its components. -Patients with uncontrolled hypertension or severe heart disease. -It should not be used in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) or within 14 days of stopping such treatment.

Special Precautions

-Prolonged use may lead to rebound congestion, where symptoms worsen due to dependency on the medication. -Use cautiously in patients with heart disease, hypertension, thyroid disease, diabetes, or difficulty urinating due to an enlarged prostate. -Avoid contact with the eyes.

Side Effects

-Local side effects may include nasal irritation, burning, stinging, or dryness. -Systemic effects may include headache, dizziness, nervousness, insomnia, palpitations, or elevated blood pressure. -Overuse can lead to rebound congestion or rhinitis medicamentosa.

Drug Interactions

-Avoid using oxymetazoline concurrently with MAOIs as it may lead to dangerous increases in blood pressure. -May interact with other medications affecting the central nervous system, such as sedatives or stimulants.