PENTAZOCINE

It has weak antagonistic and more marked agonistic actions. Tolerance, psychological and physical dependence to pentazocine develops on repeated use.

Indications

Chronic/recurrent moderately severe pain associated with surgery, trauma, colic, burns, preanaesthetic medication.

Dosage

25-100 mg upto 4 times daily. 30-60 mg i.m., or 30 mg i.v. repeated 3-4 hrly. Max. 360 mg/day

Contra-Indications

Hypersensitivity, children below 12 yrs, coronary ischaemia & myocardial infarction, hypertension

Special Precautions

Avoid movements for 15 mins after injection. Avoid alcohol, driving or handling machinery. Caution in cases of respiratory depression, myocardial infarction renal or hepatic impairment, prior to biliary surgery and in cases with C.N.S. lesions, hypertension.

Side Effects

Nausea, vomiting, euphoria, sedation, dizziness, minor psychic disturbances, rapid I.V. injection may cause cardiac/respiratory depression chronic I.M. use may cause soft tissue reaction at injection site.

Drug Interactions

Increased risk of respiratory depression and hypotension with halothane. Increased anticoagulant effect. Respiratory depressant effect enhanced by lidocaine. Potentiated by alcohol, CNS depressants.Increased sedative effect with alcohol.Incompatible with soluble barbiturates.