PYRAZINAMIDE

It is the pyrazine analog of nicotinamide. When this drug is used alone the disease is initially controlled but soon relapses because microorganisms rapidly become resistant. When it is administered simultaneously with isoniazid, the bacteria remain sensitive to pyrazinamide. It is well absorbed from the Gastrointestinal tract and distributed throughout the body. Pyrazinamide has been strongly recommended for use in individuals who are to be subjected to pulmonary surgery.

Indications

Tuberculosis

Dosage

20-35mg/kg body wt in 3-4 divided doses with Maximum of 3gm daily.

Contra-Indications

Hepatic dysfunctions, Gouty arthritis.

Special Precautions

Must be given with other anti-tubercular drugs. Perform liver function and blood uric acid tests regularly. History of diabetes. Paediatrics: Use with caution. Pregnancy: Contraindicated. Lactation: Use with caution. Elderly: Use with caution.

Side Effects

Arthralgias, anorexia, nausea and vomiting, dysuria, malaria fever, elevation of plasma uric acid and acute episodes of gout.

Drug Interactions

Affects control of diabetes in diabetics. Reduces serum INH concentration