TRIAMTERENE

Triamterene is a potassium-sparing diuretic that works by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride ions in the distal renal tubules, leading to increased excretion of sodium, chloride, and water while retaining potassium.

Indications

-Edema associated with congestive heart failure -Hypertension

Dosage

-Edema: 100-200 mg/day orally in divided doses. -Hypertension: Initially 50-100 mg/day orally, may be increased as needed.

Contra-Indications

-Hypersensitivity to triamterene or any components of the formulation -Anuria -Severe renal impairment -Hyperkalemia -Concomitant use of potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics (e.g., spironolactone)

Special Precautions

-Use with caution in patients with renal impairment. -Monitor serum potassium levels regularly. -Avoid excessive potassium intake. -Caution in elderly patients. -Avoid abrupt withdrawal; taper dose gradually if discontinuation is necessary. -Use during pregnancy only if clearly needed; potential risk to the fetus.

Side Effects

-Hyperkalemia -Nausea -Vomiting -Diarrhea -Stomach cramps -Dizziness -Headache -Weakness -Photosensitivity -Skin rash

Drug Interactions

-ACE inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), and potassium supplements: Increased risk of hyperkalemia. -Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Reduced diuretic and antihypertensive effects. -Lithium: Increased risk of lithium toxicity. -Digoxin: Increased risk of digoxin toxicity. -Indomethacin: Increased risk of kidney stones. -Trimethoprim: Increased risk of hyperkalemia.