Vilanterol

Vilanterol is a long-acting beta-2 adrenergic receptor agonist (LABA) used for the treatment of respiratory diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It works by relaxing the muscles in the airways to improve breathing.

Indications

-Management of asthma (in combination with an inhaled corticosteroid). -Treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Dosage

-Asthma/COPD (Adults): Typically, 25 mcg inhaled once daily in combination with other medications. -Pediatric Use: As per physician guidance.

Contra-Indications

-Hypersensitivity to vilanterol or any excipient in the formulation. -Acute episodes of bronchospasm requiring intensive treatment. -Severe milk protein allergy (in lactose-containing inhalers).

Special Precautions

-Not suitable for the relief of acute bronchospasm. -Caution in patients with cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension and arrhythmias. -Monitor for signs of worsening asthma or COPD. -Avoid use in monotherapy for asthma; always use with an inhaled corticosteroid. -Potential risk of paradoxical bronchospasm; discontinue if this occurs.

Side Effects

-Common: Headache, dizziness, throat irritation, nasal congestion, and cough. -Serious: Increased heart rate, palpitations, chest pain, and tremor. -Rare: Hypersensitivity reactions, including rash, itching, and swelling.

Drug Interactions

-Beta-blockers: May reduce the effectiveness of vilanterol. -CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, ritonavir): May increase the risk of systemic side effects. -MAO inhibitors or tricyclic antidepressants: May potentiate cardiovascular effects. -Other LABAs or sympathomimetics: Increase the risk of side effects.