Vildagliptin with Metformin

Vildagliptin with Metformin is a combination medication used in the management of Type 2 diabetes mellitus. It combines two active ingredients, vildagliptin and metformin hydrochloride, to address different aspects of glucose regulation. Vildagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor, while metformin is a biguanide.

Indications

This combination is indicated for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes in adults when diet and exercise alone do not provide adequate glycemic control. It helps to improve blood sugar levels by targeting multiple pathways in glucose metabolism.

Dosage

The dosage of Vildagliptin with Metformin should be individualized based on the patient's response and tolerability. Typically, it is taken orally twice daily with meals to minimize gastrointestinal side effects. The dosage may vary depending on the strength of the medication prescribed.

Contra-Indications

This medication is contraindicated in patients with a history of hypersensitivity to vildagliptin, metformin, or any other components of the formulation. It is also contraindicated in patients with severe renal impairment, metabolic acidosis, and those undergoing radiologic studies with contrast agents.

Special Precautions

Patients with renal impairment require careful monitoring, and dosage adjustments may be necessary. It is important to assess renal function before starting therapy and periodically thereafter. The risk of lactic acidosis, a rare but serious side effect, is higher in patients with renal dysfunction. Adequate hydration should be maintained, especially during periods of potential renal stress.

Side Effects

Common side effects include nausea, diarrhea, headache, and upper respiratory tract infections. Rare but serious side effects may include lactic acidosis, pancreatitis, and hypersensitivity reactions. Patients should seek medical attention if they experience severe abdominal pain, persistent nausea or vomiting, or any signs of an allergic reaction.

Drug Interactions

Vildagliptin with Metformin may interact with certain medications, such as drugs affecting renal function, cationic drugs eliminated by renal tubular secretion, and drugs that may cause hyperglycemia. Close monitoring and dose adjustments may be necessary when co-administering with these agents.