DAPAGLIFLOZIN

Dapagliflozin is an oral medication used primarily to manage type 2 diabetes. It works by inhibiting sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2), which reduces glucose reabsorption in the kidneys, thereby lowering blood glucose levels.

Indications

-Type 2 diabetes mellitus -May be used alone or in combination with other antidiabetic medications -Can also be used to manage heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in certain cases

Dosage

-Type 2 Diabetes: Typical starting dose is 5 mg once daily, which can be increased to 10 mg once daily based on patient response and tolerability. -Heart Failure/CKD: Dosage may vary depending on the condition and patient response.

Contra-Indications

Hypersensitivity, end stage renal disease, patient on dialysis.

Special Precautions

-Paediatric: Safety and efficacy below 18 years not yet established. -Pregnancy: Category C. -Lactation: Not known if it is excreted in milk, decision to discontinue drug may be taken depending on importance of drug to mother. Elderly: In persons aged more than 75 years more side effects are seen related to kidney impairement.

Side Effects

Hypotension, Ketoacidosis, Acute Kidney Injury and Impairment in Renal Function, Urosepsis and Pyelonephritis, Hypoglycemia with Concomitant Use with Insulin and Insulin Secretagogues, Genital Mycotic Infections, Increases in Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol, Bladder Cancer.

Drug Interactions

It will lead to positive urine glucose tests, urine glucose monitoring should not be done.