2-Deoxy-D-Glucose
2-Deoxy-D-Glucose (2-DG) is a glucose analog that has been investigated for its potential therapeutic applications, particularly in the field of cancer treatment. 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose is a synthetic glucose molecule in which the hydroxyl group at the 2-position is replaced with a hydrogen atom. This modification makes it structurally similar to glucose but prevents its complete metabolism, leading to cellular dysfunction. 2-Deoxy-D-Glucose (2-Deoxyglucose) is a glucose analog that inhibits glycolysis via its actions on hexokinase, the rate limiting step of glycolysis. It is phosphorylated by hexokinase to 2-DG-P which cannot be further metabolized by phosphoglucose isomerase. This leads to the accumulation of 2- DG-P in the cell and the depletion in cellular ATP. In vitro, 2-Deoxyglucose has been shown to induce autophagy, increase ROS production, and activate AMPK. Positron Emission Tomography (PET) with the radiotracer, 18FDG (Fludeoxyglucose, an analog of 2-DG) has shown accumulation of the radiolabel in the inflamed lungs of COVID-19 patients, due to high metabolic activity induced by the coronavirus infection. This phenomenon could potentially result in a preferential and disproportionately high accumulation of 2-DG in inflamed lung tissue of COVID-19 patients thereby leading to starvation in the lung cells, which in turn would lead to inhibition of viral replication.-Cancer Treatment: 2-DG has been studied for its potential in cancer therapy. It is believed to selectively target cancer cells by exploiting their increased glucose uptake. -It is used as an adjunct therapy in moderate to severe ill covid patient.
-The dosage of 2-DG may vary based on the specific medical condition and the individual patient. It is crucial to follow the prescribed dosage provided by a healthcare professional. -0ral; available in sachet to be given after dissolving in water, 45 mg/kg Morning + 18 mg/kg Evening, but no longer than discharge or Day 28 (whichever is earlier). It is more effective when given within 10 days of infection.
-Individuals with a history of hypersensitivity or allergic reactions to 2-DG should avoid its use. Additionally, patients with certain pre-existing medical conditions may have contraindications, so consultation with a healthcare provider is essential.
-Pregnant and lactating women should use 2-DG with caution, as its safety in these populations is not well-established. -Patients with pre-existing medical conditions such as diabetes or cardiovascular diseases may require careful monitoring. Paediatric: Data not sufficient Pregnancy: Data not sufficient Lactation: Data not sufficient Elderly: Data not sufficient
Common side effects may include nausea, dizziness, headache, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Severe side effects are rare but can include allergic reactions. Any unusual or severe side effects should be reported to a healthcare professional promptly.
Interactions with other medications are not well-documented. However, it is crucial to inform the healthcare provider about all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, before starting 2-DG.
