GLUCAGON

It is a hyperglycaemic; most of its actions are opposite to that of insulin. It is considered to be the hormone of fuel mobilization. Its secretion is increased during fasting, this serves to maintain energy promoting glyconeogenesis in liver. Increased secretion of glucagon has been shown to attend all forms of severe tissue injury (trauma, surgery, burns, infections, myocardial infarction). It is believed to be called in under these conditions to enhance glucose supply to the injured tissue. Glucagon increases the force and rate of cardiac contractions and this is not antagonised by b blockers. It has a rlaxant action on the gut and inhibits gastric acid production.

Indications

Hypoglycaemia, cardiogenic shock, diagnosis of pheochromocytoma. For x-ray examination of gut, biliary colic, diverticulitis.

Dosage

0.5 mg-1 mg by s.c., i.m., i.v. inj.

Contra-Indications

Glucagonoma, Insulinoma.

Special Precautions

concurrent admin. of warfarin. Paediatrics: Should not be used. Pregnancy & Lactaion: Should not be used. Elderly: Safe.