Itraconazole
-Itraconazole is an antifungal medication used to treat various fungal infections. It belongs to the class of triazole antifungals and works by inhibiting the growth of fungi. -It is a synthetic triazole antifungal agent and is closely related to ketoconazole but has fewer adverse effects and a wider spectrum of activity. It is extensively metabolised by the liver, prior to being excreted in the inactive form in urine and bile.-Itraconazole is prescribed for the treatment of fungal infections such as aspergillosis, blastomycosis, histoplasmosis, and certain types of nail infections. -Dermatophytoses, onychomycoses, tinea versicolor, cutaneous candidiasis, oropharyngeal candidiasis, vulvodvaginal candidiasis, chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC), oculomycoses, systemic mycosis.
-The dosage of itraconazole varies depending on the type and severity of the infection. It is crucial to follow the prescribed dosage and duration as directed by a healthcare professional. -100-200 mg in single or divided doses.
-Itraconazole is contraindicated in individuals with known hypersensitivity to the drug and those taking certain medications, such as cisapride or pimozide. -Hypersensitivity to other azoles.
-Caution is advised in patients with liver or kidney problems. Regular monitoring of liver function may be necessary during treatment. -Hepatic impairment. Paediatrics: Not recommended. Pregnancy: Contraindicated. Lactation: Use with caution.
-Common side effects include nausea, headache, and gastrointestinal disturbances. Serious side effects are rare but may include liver problems or allergic reactions. Seek medical attention if any unusual or severe side effects occur. -Nausea, vomiting, rash, pruritus, pedaloedema, depression, dizziness, vertigo, paresthesia, impotence and loss of libido.
-Itraconazole may interact with various medications, including certain antivirals, anticoagulants, and medications metabolized by the CYP3A4 enzyme. Inform your healthcare provider about all medications you are taking. -Terfenadine,astemizole, cycloserine or digoxine, oral anticoagulants, phenytoin, rifampicin, INH and H-2 antagonists, oral hypoglycaemic agents.
