Lixisenatide

Lixisenatide is a medication used in the management of type 2 diabetes. It belongs to the class of drugs known as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists. Lixisenatide is a combination of a long-acting human insulin analog with a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus inadequately controlled on basal insulin (less than 60 units daily) or lixisenatide. Lixisenatide is a synthetic form of the naturally occurring hormone GLP-1, which plays a role in regulating blood sugar levels. It stimulates the release of insulin and inhibits the production of glucagon after meals, leading to better blood glucose control.

Indications

-Lixisenatide is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. -It is indicated for treatment of adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus to achieve glycaemic control in patients who are not controlled on existing therapy. In combination with the following oral antidiabetics or basal insulin.

Dosage

-The recommended dose of Lixisenatide is typically administered once daily within one hour before the first meal of the day. The dosage may be adjusted based on individual patient needs and tolerability. -INJ ECTABLE, S.C.; the starting dose is 10 mcg (µg) LIXISENATIDE once daily for 14 days. Then, the LIXISENATIDE dose should be increased to 20 mcg once daily, which is the maintenance dose.

Contra-Indications

-Lixisenatide is contraindicated in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity to the drug or any of its components. It should not be used in patients with a personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma or in patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2. - Hypersensitivity; hypoglycemic episodes

Special Precautions

-Caution is advised in patients with a history of pancreatitis, as there have been reports of this adverse event with GLP-1 receptor agonists. -Lixisenatide should be used with caution in patients with renal impairment, and dosage adjustment may be necessary. -It should be used cautiously in elderly patients and those with hepatic impairment. Paediatric: Safety and efficacy in pediatric patients have not been established Pregnancy: Data not sufficient; not to be used Lactation: Data not sufficient; not to be used Elderly: No dose adjustment is required based on age.

Side Effects

-Common side effects of Lixisenatide may include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and headache. Other potential adverse reactions include hypoglycemia, pancreatitis, and allergic reactions. -Hypoglycemia, allergic reactions, nausea, nasopharyngitis, diarrhea, upper respiratory tract infection, headache

Drug Interactions

Lixisenatide may interact with certain medications, including insulin and other antidiabetic agents. Close monitoring and dosage adjustments may be required when used concomitantly with these drugs.