Corneal blindness remains a significant global health challenge, affecting over 10 million people worldwide due to disease or injury. As the cornea plays a crucial role in vision—contributing to nearly 75% of the eye’s total focusing power—any damage can lead to severe visual impairment.

Among the conditions affecting the cornea, unilateral limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) is particularly debilitating. LSCD occurs when the limbal stem cells, responsible for regenerating the cornea, become deficient. This leads to symptoms such as eye pain, blurred vision, and even permanent vision loss. The condition often arises from corneal injuries, including ocular surface burns, chemical exposure, or prolonged contact lens use.

Treatment for LSCD remains complex, with current options ranging from limbal stem cell transplants to corneal scraping and amniotic membrane patching. Dr. Ula Jurkunas, associate director of the Cornea Service at Mass Eye and Ear and professor of ophthalmology at Harvard Medical School, emphasized the challenges in managing the disease. She highlighted that while existing treatments provide some relief, advancements in regenerative medicine are needed to restore vision more effectively.

With continued research into stem cell therapies and corneal regeneration, experts are hopeful that innovative treatments will emerge, offering better outcomes for those suffering from LSCD and corneal blindness.