Sodium Sulbactum

Sodium Sulbactam is a beta-lactamase inhibitor used in combination with beta-lactam antibiotics to enhance their effectiveness against beta-lactamase-producing bacteria. It works by inhibiting the beta-lactamase enzymes that some bacteria produce to resist the effects of antibiotics, thereby restoring the antibiotic's ability to fight bacterial infections.

Indications

Sodium Sulbactam is indicated for the treatment of the following infections: -Respiratory tract infections -Urinary tract infections -Intra-abdominal infections -Skin and soft tissue infections -Gynecological infections -Septicemia -Bone and joint infections

Dosage

-Adults: 1.5 g to 3 g every 6 to 8 hours, intravenously -Pediatric: 50 mg/kg to 200 mg/kg per day, divided into 3 to 4 doses

Contra-Indications

Sodium Sulbactam is contraindicated in patients with: -Known hypersensitivity to sulbactam, penicillins, or any beta-lactam antibiotics -Severe renal impairment without appropriate dose adjustment -History of cholestatic jaundice or hepatic dysfunction associated with prior use of penicillins or sulbactam

Special Precautions

-Monitor renal function in patients with renal impairment -Use with caution in patients with a history of gastrointestinal disease, particularly colitis -Monitor liver function periodically during prolonged therapy -Be aware of the possibility of superinfections with prolonged use -Adjust dosage in patients with hepatic dysfunction

Side Effects

Common side effects of Sodium Sulbactam include: -Gastrointestinal disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea) -Skin rash or itching -Injection site reactions (pain, swelling) -Allergic reactions (anaphylaxis, angioedema) -Hepatic dysfunction (elevated liver enzymes)

Drug Interactions

-Probenecid: May increase and prolong the blood levels of sulbactam -Oral contraceptives: May reduce the effectiveness of estrogen-containing contraceptives -Anticoagulants: May increase the risk of bleeding -Other antibiotics: May have additive or synergistic effects