A new study presented at the Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) reveals a concerning link between diets high in ultra-processed foods and the accumulation of intramuscular fat in the thighs. This fat replacement in muscles could heighten the risk of developing knee osteoarthritis, a common degenerative joint disease.

The study, which analyzed MRI imaging from 666 participants aged 60 on average, is the first to directly connect the consumption of ultra-processed foods to fatty degeneration in thigh muscles. This condition involves muscle fibers being replaced by fat, compromising muscle strength and joint health.

Ultra-Processed Foods: A Recipe for Risk

Ultra-processed foods, often engineered for taste and convenience, typically contain high levels of sugar, fats, and additives like flavor enhancers and preservatives. Examples include sodas, candies, chips, and processed animal products.

Study author Dr. Zehra Akkaya, a radiologist at Ankara University, explained that intramuscular fat replacement can be clearly observed on MRI images. Experts believe these dietary habits contribute to inflammation and insulin resistance, exacerbating conditions like diabetes and osteoarthritis.

Dr. Gowri Reddy Rocco, founder of Optimum Wellness and Longevity, highlighted that the findings make the risks of ultra-processed foods tangible. “To show that they replace muscle with fat is novel and alarming,” she remarked.

Dr. Paul Arciero, a professor at Skidmore College, elaborated that the sugars, sodium, and refined fats in ultra-processed foods trigger the release of pro-inflammatory substances, which can lead to pain and increased fat deposits in the body.

Thigh Fat and Knee Osteoarthritis

Knee osteoarthritis, characterized by the deterioration of cartilage in the joints, is often triggered by chronic inflammation. Strong muscles help protect joints, but when thigh muscles are replaced with fat, their ability to support joint health diminishes.

“Osteoarthritis is now appearing in younger individuals, starting in their 30s and 40s,” warned Dr. Rocco, citing obesity as a key factor. Excess weight increases stress on joints, accelerating cartilage wear and tear.

Fortunately, experts noted that correcting dietary habits could allow muscles to regenerate and regain strength, potentially slowing the progression of osteoarthritis. However, joint damage caused by the condition cannot be reversed.

Preventing Knee Osteoarthritis

Experts stress that lifestyle choices play a pivotal role in reducing the risk of knee osteoarthritis. Maintaining a healthy weight, engaging in regular exercise, and minimizing the consumption of ultra-processed foods are crucial preventive measures.

"While genetics may play a minor role, diet and activity levels are the primary determinants," said Dr. Arciero. Additionally, factors such as repetitive movements, improper footwear, and hormonal changes during menopause can also contribute to the condition.

This study underscores the importance of diet and lifestyle in safeguarding joint health. Reducing reliance on ultra-processed foods and adopting healthier eating habits may not only improve muscle strength but also protect against debilitating conditions like osteoarthritis.