In a year of remarkable strides, 2024 has witnessed significant global health achievements, addressing a wide array of diseases that burden populations worldwide. From eliminating neglected tropical diseases to combating the persistent threat of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), the World Health Organization (WHO) and its Member States have demonstrated the power of sustained effort and international collaboration.

Major Milestones in Disease Elimination

This year, seven countries—Brazil, Chad, India, Jordan, Pakistan, Timor-Leste, and Vietnam—successfully eliminated at least one neglected tropical disease. These diseases, which include human African trypanosomiasis, leprosy, lymphatic filariasis, and trachoma, have long plagued vulnerable communities, exacerbating poverty and limiting opportunities for socioeconomic development.

Egypt achieved a historic milestone, declaring itself malaria-free after battling the disease for over a century. Similarly, Cabo Verde joined the ranks of malaria-free nations, marking a crucial step in global efforts to eradicate the mosquito-borne disease.

The Americas celebrated the reverification of measles-free status, a testament to robust vaccination programs in the region. Guinea achieved the elimination of maternal and neonatal tetanus, an accomplishment that underscores the impact of targeted healthcare interventions.

In the fight against sexually transmitted infections, Belize, Jamaica, and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines eliminated mother-to-child transmission of HIV and syphilis. Namibia also reached a significant milestone in reducing mother-to-child transmission of HIV and hepatitis B, showcasing progress in maternal and child health.

These achievements represent years of dedication and partnership between governments, WHO, donors, and countless health workers. They are victories not just for the affected countries but for the global health community at large, reinforcing the message that disease elimination is both achievable and transformative.

Addressing the Global Burden of Noncommunicable Diseases

While infectious diseases dominate headlines, NCDs—such as heart disease, cancer, diabetes, and respiratory conditions—remain the leading cause of death and disability globally. These diseases, which are largely preventable, underscore the need for investments in prevention and control measures.

However, tackling NCDs is not without its challenges. Aggressive marketing practices, industry lobbying, and, in some cases, interference in policymaking by commercial entities often hinder the adoption of cost-effective prevention strategies.

In 2024, WHO released the Global Report on Trends in Prevalence of Tobacco Use 2000–2030, highlighting a significant decline in global tobacco use—from 1 in 3 adults in 2000 to 1 in 5 by 2022. Despite this progress, alarming trends persist among younger populations. Surveys reveal that children aged 13–15 years in many countries are using tobacco and nicotine products, a direct result of targeted marketing by the tobacco industry. These findings emphasize the urgency of implementing stronger tobacco control measures to protect future generations.

A Shared Responsibility for Global Health

The achievements of 2024 underscore the importance of sustained commitment, collaboration, and innovation in tackling the world’s most pressing health challenges. While progress has been made, the journey is far from over. Strengthening health systems, fostering public-private partnerships, and empowering communities to participate in health initiatives will be essential to sustain and build on these successes.

As WHO and its partners continue to address infectious and noncommunicable diseases, the milestones of 2024 serve as a powerful reminder: with determination and collective effort, even the most daunting health challenges can be overcome.