OCTREOTIDE
Octreotide is a synthetic octapeptide that mimics natural somatostatin, a hormone involved in regulating endocrine functions in the body. It inhibits the release of several other hormones, such as growth hormone, glucagon, and insulin. It is typically administered as an injectable solution and comes in immediate and long-acting release forms.-Treatment of acromegaly, a condition resulting from excessive growth hormone production. -Management of symptoms in patients with carcinoid tumors, such as flushing and diarrhea. -Control of symptoms associated with vasoactive intestinal peptide-secreting tumors (VIPomas).
-For acromegaly: Initial dose usually starts with 50 mcg subcutaneously every 8-12 hours. It may be adjusted based on response and tolerability. -For carcinoid tumors: Initial dose is typically 50-100 mcg subcutaneously every 8 hours, with adjustments based on symptom control.
-Known hypersensitivity to octreotide or its components. -Caution is advised in patients with gallbladder disease, as octreotide can alter gallbladder function.
-Use with caution in patients with diabetes, as octreotide can affect glucose metabolism. -Monitor thyroid function during therapy, as octreotide may suppress TSH levels. -Careful monitoring of liver function is recommended, especially in patients with hepatic impairment.
-Common side effects include gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea, abdominal pain, and flatulence. -May cause gallbladder problems, such as gallstones or biliary sludge. -Injection site reactions, including pain and irritation, may occur.
-Can interact with insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents, affecting blood glucose control. -May interact with cyclosporine, leading to reduced levels of cyclosporine.
