TENELIGLIPTIN
Teneligliptin is an oral hypoglycemic agent belonging to the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor class. It is primarily used in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). By inhibiting the DPP-4 enzyme, teneligliptin increases the levels of incretin hormones, which in turn stimulates insulin secretion and inhibits glucagon release, thereby improving glycemic control. Teneligliptin is an antidiabetic medicine used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes in adult patients.Teneligliptin is indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus to improve glycemic control in conjunction with diet and exercise. It may be used as monotherapy or in combination with other antidiabetic medications such as metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin.
The recommended dose of teneligliptin is 20 mg once daily, with or without food. Depending on the patient's response and tolerance, the dose may be increased to a maximum of 40 mg per day. Dose adjustments are generally not required for elderly patients or those with mild to moderate renal impairment.
Teneligliptin is contraindicated in patients with a known hypersensitivity to teneligliptin or any of its components. It is also contraindicated in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus or diabetic ketoacidosis, as its efficacy and safety in these conditions have not been established.
-Renal Impairment: Patients with severe renal impairment should use teneligliptin with caution, and dose adjustments may be necessary. -Hepatic Impairment: Use in patients with severe hepatic impairment is not recommended due to the lack of clinical data. -Pancreatitis: There have been reports of acute pancreatitis in patients taking DPP-4 inhibitors. Patients should be informed of the characteristic symptoms and advised to discontinue teneligliptin if pancreatitis is suspected. -Hypoglycemia: When used in combination with sulfonylureas or insulin, there is an increased risk of hypoglycemia. Dose adjustment of the sulfonylurea or insulin may be necessary.
Common side effects of teneligliptin include: Nasopharyngitis Headache Hypoglycemia (when used with other antidiabetic medications) Gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and constipation Rare but serious side effects include: Pancreatitis Severe hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, angioedema, and Stevens-Johnson syndrome
Teneligliptin has a low potential for drug interactions. However, caution is advised when used with: -CYP3A4 inhibitors (e.g., ketoconazole, erythromycin): May increase the plasma concentration of teneligliptin. -Sulfonylureas and insulin: Concurrent use increases the risk of hypoglycemia. -Drugs that affect blood glucose levels: Adjustments may be needed to maintain glycemic control.
